Become An Astronaut - NASA (2024)

NASA astronauts have been traveling to space for more than six decades and living there continuously since 2000. Now, NASA’s Artemis program is preparing to land the first woman and the next man on the Moon. The Orion spacecraft atop the Space Launch System (SLS) rocket will carry humans farther into space than they have gone before—for missions to the Moon and eventually to Mars.

Quick Facts

The term “astronaut” derives from the Greek words meaning “star sailor.”

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More than12,000 people applied to be an astronaut between March 2 and March 31, 2020.

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NASA accepts applications for the Astronaut Candidate Program on an as-needed basis. In recent years, new astronaut candidates have been selected approximately every four years.

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Requirements to Become an Astronaut

Astronaut requirements have changed with NASA’s goals and missions. Today, to be considered for an astronaut position, applicants must meet the following qualifications:

  1. Be a U.S. citizen
  2. Have a master’s degree* in a STEM field, including engineering, biological science, physical science, computer science or mathematics, from an accredited institution.
  3. Have a minimum of three years of related professional experience obtained after degree completion (or 1,000 Pilot-in-Command hours with at least 850 of those hours in high performance jet aircraft for pilots) For medical doctors, time in residency can count towards experience and must be completed by June 2025.
  4. Be able to successfully complete the NASA long-duration flight astronaut physical.

*The master’s degree requirement can also be met by:

  • Two years of work towards a doctoral program in a related science, technology, engineering, or math field.
  • Completed Doctor of Medicine, Osteopathic Medicine, or related medical degree
  • Completion (or current enrollment that will result in completion by June 2025) of a nationally recognized test pilot school program.

Astronaut candidates must also have skills in leadership, teamwork and communications.

Artemis Generation astronauts will explore and conduct experiments where humans have never been: the lunar South Pole.

NASA’s Astronaut Selection Board reviews the applications and assesses each candidate’s qualifications. The board then invites a small group of the most highly qualified candidates for interviews at NASA’s Johnson Space Center in Houston, Texas. Of those interviewed, about half are invited back for second interviews. From that group, NASA’s new astronaut candidates are selected. They report for training at Johnson and spend the next two years learning basic astronaut skills like spacewalking, operating the space station, flying T-38 jet planes and controlling a robotic arm.

With NASA’s plans for the future of exploration, new astronauts will fly farther into space than ever before on lunar missions and may be the first humans to fly on to Mars.

Learn more about how astronauts are selected

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Astronaut Candidates

Learn more about NASA’s newest astronauts.

What Does It Take?

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Future Exploration

As NASA continues to expand human exploration in our solar system, we will need more than the currently active astronauts to crew spacecraft bound for deep-space destinations.

NASA’s astronauts currently work as scientists on the International Space Station—a laboratory that orbits Earth approximately 240 miles above the planet’s surface. Astronauts on the station conduct scientific experiments such as innovative cancer research and research on the human body and living in space.

Soon the agency will be expanding its reach to conduct scientific investigations in lunar orbit aboard the Gateway space station, and on the surface of the Moon, as part of the Artemis program. Future astronauts could serve on Artemis missions or even journey to Mars.

Dreaming About Space Travel?

Start early: View resources for students on becoming a NASA astronaut about Dreaming About Space Travel?
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Expeditionary Skills

Expeditions are journeys made by people who share a definite purpose and specific experiences.

To make their expeditions successful, NASA works with astronaut crews on skills that prepare them to live and work together during space missions. Some of these same skills are useful in everyday life here on Earth. 4-H is a positive youth development program that prepares youth for life and work. Together, NASA and 4-H are creating the following series of activities designed to take you through various educational expeditions that will help you learn and practice skills that you can apply in almost every aspect of life.

Learn About Expeditionary Skills
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Training To Be An Astronaut

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Learn More and Get Involved

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Astronaut Fact Book

This document pertains to U.S. Astronauts and includes information about international astronauts and Cosmonauts who are partners in the ISS.

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Join Artemis

Make, launch, teach, compete and learn. Find your favorite way to be part of the Artemis mission.

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#AskNASA

Watch Video of Astronaut Jasmin Moghbeli Answers #AskNASA Questions on the Application Process

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10 Ways Students Can Prepare to #BeAnAstronaut

Want to #BeAnAstronaut, but don’t know where to start? Here are some ways you can kick-start your journey!

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FAQs

What are the chances of becoming a NASA astronaut? ›

In 2020, 12,000 people applied to become an astronaut with NASA—and 10 people were selected, making for an acceptance rate of 0.083%.

How hard is it to become an astronaut for NASA? ›

On top of the six years of schooling and two years of professional experience, astronauts must complete two years of mandatory basic training. All of this adds up to about a decade of preparation. After that, astronauts may need to wait months or years before they can even embark on their first space mission.

What to study to become an astronaut in BitLife? ›

Much like how it happens in real life, anyone wishing to become an astronaut must study STEM in Bitlife as well. For those who don't know, STEM stands for science, technology, engineering, and mathematics.

What GPA is required to be an astronaut? ›

Astronaut Scholars at a glance:

Minimum GPA of 3.7. Considerable record of undergraduate research in field of interest.

What is the NASA astronaut acceptance rate? ›

Anyone can apply, and many will — each time the space agency puts out the call every four years, it receives as many as 18,000 applications. But only eight to 14 candidates make the cut, April Jordan, manager of NASA astronaut selection, told Business Insider. That's an acceptance rate of less than 1%.

What disqualifies you from being an astronaut? ›

Candidates will not be selected if they have any food allergies, avoidances, or gastrointestinal disorders, as these cannot be accommodated on a long-duration mission. Candidates must be willing to provide requested biological samples on required days and must eat the spaceflight-like diet provided during the mission.

What is the average NASA astronauts age? ›

There are no age restrictions for the program. Astronaut candidates selected in the past have ranged between the ages of 26 and 46, with the average age being 34.

How much do NASA astronauts get paid? ›

What is the average NASA astronaut's salary? According to NASA, civilian astronaut salaries are determined by the US Government's pay scales – or more specifically grades GS-13 to GS-14. As of 2022, the GS-13 pay scale ranges from $81,216 to $105,579 per annum. This is up to $8,798.25 per month or $50.59 an hour.

What do most astronauts major in? ›

Educational Requirements

Both civilian and military personnel can apply to become what NASA calls astronaut candidates. All astronaut candidates must be U.S. citizens and must have bachelor's degrees from accredited institutions in engineering, biological science, physical science or mathematics.

What is the highest rank in NASA BitLife? ›

The player starts at “Cadet”, then “Captain”, “Major”, and finally, “General”. You can request higher ranks after leaving the Space Academy. Major unlock Lunar missions and General unlock Martian missions missions respectfully.

How to get in NASA BitLife? ›

To access the astronaut career, you must have the Astronaut Job Pack or Boss Mode perk purchased from the BitLife Marketplace. Make sure to keep your Smarts and Health stats high to become an astronaut. If you can't complete the space mini-game that is required for certain tasks, you can skip it by watching an ad.

How many astronauts have walked on the moon? ›

Twelve men walked on the Moon during six Moon landings of the Apollo program between July 1969 and December 1972. All landed on the surface only once, and five missions consisted of two or more surface extravehicular activities (EVAs). Four of them are alive as of June 2024 with an average age of 91 years.

What college is best for NASA? ›

Here are the best global universities for space science
  • University of California Berkeley.
  • University of Cambridge.
  • Princeton University.
  • Leiden University.
  • Sorbonne Universite.
  • Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
  • University of Tokyo.
  • University of Arizona.

What GPA does NASA look for? ›

What are the GPA requirements? Participants must have and maintain a 3.0 GPA (on a 4.0 scale) to apply. This GPA can be the cumulative and/or most recent semester.

How often are NASA astronauts selected? ›

More than 12,000 people applied to be an astronaut between March 2 and March 31, 2020. NASA accepts applications for the Astronaut Candidate Program on an as-needed basis. In recent years, new astronaut candidates have been selected approximately every four years.

Is it rare to be an astronaut? ›

Now Statistical odds are like, 1/100000 of being an astronaut or a cosmonaut for any random joe, but if you fly straight with honor's through High School, that goes down to 1/100. You can even be a mechanical Engineer or an Oceanographer. Either way you choose, high school is Key.

What is the percentage of getting into NASA? ›

In 2020, more than 12,000 people submitted applications. Ten people were selected from that group, an acceptance rate of 0.083 percent. In 2017, NASA received over 18,300 applications. Eleven made it from that group, about 0.06 percent.

What percent of people become astronauts? ›

Let's calculate your odds. After reviewing everyone's applications for 18 months, NASA is only going to pick between eight and 14 people from the pool of applicants. That means you have between a 0.04 percent and 0.08 percent chance of getting selected to go to the next round.

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